01
Skeletal system
The human skeleton includes bones, ligaments, tendons and cartilage. The skeleton protects the soft body parts.
In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in the body contain bone marrow, the site of production of blood cells. Also, all bones are major storage sites for calcium and phosphate.
02
Muscular system
Muscles are composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their predominant function is contractibility. Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contractions. In addition to movement, muscle contraction also provides some other important functions in the body, such as posture, joint stability and heat production.
03
Nervous system
This system comprises the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system, which consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. The nervous system is the major controlling, regulatory and communicating system in the body. It is the center of all mental activity including thought, learning and memory.
04
Endocrine system
This system acts through chemical messengers called hormones that influence growth, development and metabolic activities. The endocrine system is composed of exocrine and endocrine glands.
And in yourselves, will you not see?
Quran, 51:21
And in the creation of yourselves and what God disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who have firm faith in God.
Quran, 45:4
05
Cardiovascular system
This is also called the circulatory system. It comprises the heart and blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries). The heart propels the circulation of the blood, which serves as a transportation system to transfer oxygen, fuel, nutrients, waste products, immune cells and signaling molecules (i.e. hormones) from one part of the body to another.
Note: The survival of the embryo depends on the circulation of blood to maintain homeostasis which is the tendency of the body to seek and maintain a condition of balance or equilibrium within its internal environment, even when faced with external changes.
And in yourselves, will you not see?
Quran, 51:21
06
Lymphatic system
It is part of the circulatory system and forms a vital part of the immune system. This system comprises a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called "lymph", a fluid containing infectionfighting white blood cells, throughout the body. It helps the body get rid of toxins, waste and other unwanted materials.
07
Respiratory system
It consists of the nose, lungs and other parts. It brings oxygen from the air and excretes carbon dioxide and water back into the air.
Body cells need a continuous supply of oxygen for the metabolic processes that are necessary to maintain life. The respiratory system works with the circulatory system to provide oxygen and remove waste products. It also helps to regulate the acidity of the blood.
08
Digestive system
This consists of the mouth (including the tongue and teeth), gullet, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, salivary glands and other organs. Food undergoes three processes in the body: digestion, absorption and elimination.
09
Urinary system
The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. It removes water from the blood to produce urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess ions and water out of the body. It maintains the volume and composition of body fluids within normal limits.
10
Reproductive system
This consists of the sex glands as well as the internal and external sex organs. The four main functions of the human reproductive system are: To produce egg and sperm cells, to transport and sustain these cells, to nurture the developing offspring, and to produce hormones.
Verily all things We created are in proportion and measure.
Quran, 54:49
11
Immune system
This system comprises the white blood cells and other components.
The immune system is the mechanism for the body to distinguish its own cells and tissues from alien cells and substances, and to neutralize or destroy the latter by using specialized proteins such as antibodies.
12
Integumentary system
It consists of the covering of the body (the skin), including hair and nails, as well as other functionally important structures such as the sweat glands and sebaceous glands.
And in the earth, there are signs for those who have certain faith in God. And in yourselves, will you not see?
Quran, 51:20-21
And in yourselves, will you not see?
We created man and We know what his soul whispers to him, and We are closer to him than [his] jugular vein.
Quran 50:16
Do you think that We created you uselessly and that you would not be returned to Us?
Quran 23:115
And by the soul of the human being and the Divine Power who created and proportioned him. God made the human being aware of wickedness and righteousness and showed him the means to differentiate between the wrong and the right. Truly, he has succeeded who purifies himself. And he has failed who corrupts himself.
Quran, 91:7-10
And We have enjoined upon the human being to be dutiful and kind to his parents.
His mother carried him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship.
His bearing and weaning period is thirty months. When man attains full strength and reaches forty years, he should say:
“My Lord! Grant me the power and ability that I may be grateful for Your Favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents.
[My Lord] help me do righteous and good deeds that please You. And make my offspring righteous .
Truly, I have turned to You in repentance, and truly, I am among the ones who submitted to you.
Quran, 46:15
We will show them Our signs in the horizons and within themselves until it becomes utterly clear to them that it is the truth.
Is it not sufficient that your Lord is witness, over all things?
Quran, 41:53
O you assembly of Jinn and humankind, if you are able to penetrate through the spheres of the heavens and the earth, then penetrate. You will not pass except by the authority of God [who enables you to come through].
Quran, 55:33